Database management is a method for managing the data that is used to support a company’s business operations. It involves storing data, distributing it to users and applications making changes as needed and monitoring the changes in the data and preventing it from being damaged by unexpected failures. It is an element of a company’s overall informational infrastructure that supports decision-making and growth for the business as well as compliance with laws such as the GDPR and the California Consumer Privacy Act.
In the 1960s, Charles Bachman and IBM along with others created the first database systems. They developed into information management systems (IMS), which allowed massive amounts of data to be stored and retrieved for a range of reasons. From calculating inventory to aiding complicated financial accounting functions, and human resource functions.
A database is tables that arrange data in accordance with a specific schema, such as one-to many relationships. It uses primary key to identify records and allow cross-references between tables. Each table contains a set of attributes, or fields, that contain information about data entities. The most well-known type of database currently is a relational model, developed by E. F. “Ted” Codd at IBM in the 1970s. This design is based on normalizing the data, making it simpler to use. It also makes it simpler to update data without the need to change several databases.
Most DBMSs can support different types of databases by offering different levels of internal and external organization. The internal level is concerned with costs, scalability, and other operational issues, such as the design of the database’s physical storage. The external level determines how the database is represented in user interfaces and other applications. It could include a mix of various external views (based on the various data models) and could also include virtual tables that are computed from generic data in order to improve performance.
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